Ammonia in industrial refrigeration: zero GWP, high efficiency, and increasingly accessible applications

Ammonia (NH₃) is returning to the forefront of sustainable industrial refrigeration solutions as a natural alternative to synthetic refrigerants.

Used since the late 19th century, this substance has zero global warming potential (GWP) and zero ozone depletion potential (ODP), fully compliant with the latest international regulations. Suitable systems can consume up to 30% less energy than systems using HFCs or HFOs, offering a high return on investment (ROI). Solutions available today are also suitable for small and medium-sized businesses thanks to modular systems, low-charge technologies, and advanced safety controls.

Ammonia is one of the most "natural" refrigerants available: free of carbon and chlorine, it does not contribute to the ozone layer or the greenhouse effect. After decades in which synthetic refrigerants marginalized it, it is now making a comeback thanks to regulatory pressure against high-GWP gases and the search for more environmentally friendly systems.

Energy and economic benefits: efficiency, savings and ROI

One of ammonia's strengths is its thermodynamic efficiency : thanks to its high latent heat of vaporization, ammonia systems perform better, resulting in up to 30% lower electricity consumption compared to systems using synthetic refrigerants. These energy savings translate into lower bills and improved operating results for companies. Furthermore, operating costs are competitive, especially when the system is well-designed and maintained with modern technologies (low-charge, secondary circuits). Return on investment can exceed 20% under favorable conditions.

Safety and modular applications for small to medium-sized systems

Historically, ammonia has been used primarily in large refrigeration plants , but today technology has advanced: modular systems with low charges reduce the risk, secondary circuit systems isolate ammonia from operating areas, and thanks to its distinctive odor, even small leaks are quickly detectable. This makes these solutions suitable for sectors such as logistics, food, and pharmaceuticals, while maintaining high safety standards.

When and by whom is ammonia indicated: ideal profiles and technical limits

Ammonia is particularly suitable for industrial applications that already require large cooling capacities , with continuous demands and high operating loads, such as the food, meat, and dairy industries, and cold storage logistics platforms. It is less suitable for small applications with frequent on/off switching or where local regulations impose stringent limits that make installation or maintenance difficult. Technical training for operators, the initial cost of the system, and the testing and safety infrastructure (leak detection, containment, and maintenance management) also remain key considerations.